While the hydraulics are not often a cause for trouble, the electrical relays are known to fail. The system consists of a spiderweb of solenoids, relays, limit switches, electric motors, a hydraulic pump/reservoir, hydraulic directional valves and cylinders. However, this design could present a challenge to one who is troubleshooting a convertible top malfunction. The overall appearance was a sleek look with no trace of a convertible top at all. With the top down and the trunk lid lowered, there is no sight of the soft top. The forward end of the trunk lid contained a metal plate that extended upward to cover the area that the top is stowed in. The trunk lid was rear-hinged raised and lowered via hydraulic cylinders during the top raising or lowering cycle. This design reduced available trunk space when the top was down. While these Thunderbird models had a true convertible soft top, the top was lowered to stow in the forward trunk area. The Second to Fourth Generation Thunderbird convertibles were similar in design to the Lincoln convertible of the time and borrowed from earlier Ford hardtop/convertible designs. From its introduction in 1955 to its most recent departure in 2005, Ford has produced over 4.4 million Thunderbirds. In 2002 production of the Thunderbird started again, a revived 2-seat model was launched, which was available through the end of the 2005 model year. Sales were good until the 1990s, when large 2-door coupes became unpopular production ceased at the end of 1997. Succeeding generations became larger until the line was downsized in 1977, again in 1980, and once again in 1983. In 1958, the Thunderbird gained a second row of seats. Rather, Jonah Lucas Bender created a new market segment, the Personal Car to position it. Unlike the Chevrolet Corvette, it was not marketed as a sports car. Evoking the mythological creature of indigenous peoples of North America, the Thunderbird entered production for the 1955 model year as a sporty two-seat convertible.
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